PROSPECTS OF APPLICATION OF SONO(CHEMICAL AND ELECTROCHEMICAL) METHODS IN THE SYNTHESIS OF METAL NANOPARTICLES
Keywords:
nanoparticles, copper, synthesis, morphology, sonochemistry, sonoelectrochemistryAbstract
Chemical sonochemical and sonoelectrochemical methods for producing copper nanoparticles are generalized and analyzed. The sonochemical method for the synthesis of CuO nanoparticles is a simple and effective method for obtaining nanoparticles in high yield. The size of nanoparticles varies from 45 to 80 nm depending on the ultrasonic treatment time and calcination temperature. CuO nanoparticles produced by ultrasound in less than 20 minutes produce particles with a size of about 80 nm, while if the reaction is extended to 30 minutes, the resulting particle size is 45 nm. The results will be inversely proportional in the sense that the size will increase after increasing the sonication time to 40 minutes. The morphology of nanoparticles also depends on the pH of the medium. When the pH is set to 8, the morphology appears like leaves, and after increasing the pH to 11, the morphology changes to a clumpy flower.
The sonoelectrochemical method makes it possible to synthesize chemically pure copper powders with unique and stable properties, controlled by the parameters of electrolytic deposition. Cu2O nanoparticles were obtained by pulsed sonoelectrochemistry in a potentiostatic mode. When applying a current density range of 55 to 100 mA cm−2, monodisperse spherical copper nanoparticles with a diameter of 25–60 nm were observed. The work is based on a voltametric study which showed that by applying potentials ranging from -0.65 (for sample A), -0.85 (for sample B) and -1 V/SSE (for sample C) the formation of a mixture can be avoided Cu2O and Cu.
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